The accessory muscles of mastication include the following:

Buccinator
Suprahyoid muscles: digastricus, stylohyoid, mylohyoid, geniohyoid
Infrahyoid muscles: sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, omohyoid

The buccinator is primarly a facial expression muscle, however, it is also involved in the mastication process as it keeps food pushed back within the oral cavity.

The suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles belong to the muscles of the neck. The suprahyoid muscles (digastric, stylohyoid, mylohyoid and geniohyoid) are located above the hyoid bone and attached to it. The infrahyoid muscles (sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid and omohyoid) are also attached to the hyoid bone but situated below it.

The primary function of the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles is to depress or elevate the larynx and hyoid bone. They are also involved in mastication as they assist in the depression of the mandible.

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Accessory muscles of mastication